1. unlimited authority
2. intermediate category 1/3
3. slight to moderate limitations
4. intermediate category 3/5
5. substantial limitations
6. intermediate category 5/7
7. executive parity or subordination
1. Right-wing hegemony
2. Right-wing and center dominance
3. Standoff betwen left and right
4. Social-democratic and other left dominance
5. Social-democratic and other left hegemony
1. Single party majority
2. Minimum winning coalition
3. Surplus coalition
4. Single party minority
5. Multi party minority
6. Caretaker
0. Democracy
1. Dictatorship
0. Severely restricted or denied completely to all citizens
1. Limited for all citizens or severly restricted or denied for selected groups
2. Virtually unrestricted and freely enjoyed by practically all citizens
0. Have occured frequently
1. Have occured occasionally
2. Have not occured
0. Practiced frequently
1. Practiced occasionally
0. Restricted
1. Generally unrestricted
0. Very limited
1. Moderately free and open
2. Very free and open
0. Yes and many
1. Yes, but few
2. None
0. Yes
1. No
0. Complete
1. Some
0. Practiced freequently
0. Severely restricted
1. Somewhat restricted
2. Fully protected
1. Yes, with strictly enforced sanctions
2. Yes, with weakly enforced sanctions
3. Yes, with limited enforcement
4. Yes, without sanction for violation
5. No compulsory voting
1. Module 1 (1996-2002)
2. Module 2 (2001-2006)
0. No autonomous regions
1. Autonomous regions
0. Lists not closed
1. Closed lists
0. D'Hondt not used
1. D'Hondt used
0. Proportional
1. Plurality
0. No plurality used
1. Plurality used
0. No PR used
1. PR used
0. Direct presidential
1. Strong president elected by assembly
2. Parliamentary
1. Mannheim Trend File
2. Standard Eurobarometer
3. CCEB (Candidate Countries Eurobarometer)
4. CEEB (Central and Eastern Eurobarometer Trend File)
5. Mannheim Trend File and Standard Eurobarometer
6. Standard Eurobarometer and CCEB
1. Module 1 (2002-2003)
2. Module 2 (2004-2006)
3. Module 3 (2006-2007)
4. Module 4 (2008-2009)
1. Free
2. Partly Free
3. Not Free
0. confident
1. tentative
2. tenuous
0. no overt fragmentation
1. slight fragmentation <10%
2. moderate fragmentation 10-25%
3. serious fragmentation >25%
1. Majoritarian
2. Proportional
3. Multi-tier
4. Mixed
3. Mixed
0. Dictatorship
1. Parliamentary Democracy
2. Mixed Democracy
3. Presidential Democracy
2. Absolute majority
3. Qualified majority
4. Electoral college
5. Single transferable vote (STV)
0. No runoff
1. Runoff
0. Presidential
1. Semi-Presidential
0. Majoritarian or Preferential vote
1. Mixed-member majority or Bloque vote
2. Closed-list-PR
1. Eastern Europe and post Soviet Union
2. Latin America
3. North Africa & the Middle East
4. Sub-Saharan Africa
5. Western Europe and North America
6. East Asia
7. South-East Asia
8. South Asia
9. The Pacific
10. The Caribbean
0. No or very weak second chamber
1. Weak bicameralism
2. Strong bicameralism
0. Proportional representation
1. Modified proportional representation
2. Single member, simple plurality systems
0. Not federal
1. Weak federalism
2. Strong federalism
0. None or infrequent referenda
1. Frequent referenda
0. No judicial review
1. Judicial review
0. Parliamentary system
1. President or collegial executive
888. Indirect
1. Role of Government I (1985-1986)
2. Social Inequality I (1987-1988)
3. Work Orientations I (1989)
4. Role of Government II (1990-1991)
5. Religion I (1990-1991)
6. Social Inequality II (1991-1993)
7. Environment I (1992-1994)
8. Role of Government III (1995-1998)
9. Religion II (1998-1999)
10. Social Inequality III (1998-2001)
11. Environment II (2000-2001)
12. Citizenship (2003-2006)
13. Role of Government IV (2005-2008)
0. Male leader
1. Female leader
2. Absolute maj
3. Qualified maj
4. Limited vote
5. Alternative vote
6. SNTV
7. Modified Borda
1. Coexistence, indep.
2. Superposition, indep.
3. Fusion, indep.
4. Correction, dep.
5. Conditional, dep.
1. Linked
2. Unlinked
0. not applicable
1. repressed
2. suppressed
3. factional
4. transitional
5. competitive
1. unregulated
2. multiple identity
3. sectarian
4. restricted
5. regulated
1. Hare
2. Droop
3. Imperiali
4. Reinforced Imperiali
5. Modified Hare
6. d'Hondt
7. Saint-Lague
8. Modified Saint-Lague
9. STV
0. No federal structure
1. Federal structure
0. Not a presidential regim
1. Presidential regime
1. collapse of central authority
1. Wave 1 (1981-1984)
2. Wave 2 (1989-1993)
3. Wave 3 (1995-1998)
4. Wave 4 (1999-2001)
5. Wave 5
0. unregulated
1. selection
2. dual/transitional
3. election
1. closed
2. dual executive-designation
3. dual executive-election
4. open
2. designational/transitional
3. regulated